Family: Pinaceae, Pine view all from this family

Description Evergreen tree with conical crown of long, slender, horizontal branches often drooping down to the ground, and a slender, curved, and drooping leader.
Height: 60-70' (18-21 m) .
Diameter: 2-3' (0.6-0.9 m) .
Needles: evergreen; 3/8-5/8" (10-15 mm) long. Flat, flexible, rounded at tip; spreading in 2 rows from very short leafstalks. Shiny dark green above, with 2 narrow whitish bands beneath and green edges often minutely toothed.
Bark: cinnamon brown; thick, deeply furrowed into broad scaly ridges.
Twigs: yellow-brown; very slender, finely hairy, rough with peglike bases.
Cones: 5/8-3/4" (15-19 mm) long; elliptical; brown; short-stalked; hanging down at ends of twigs; composed of numerous rounded cone-scales; paired light brown, long-winged seeds.

Habitat Acid soils; often in pure stands. Characteristic of moist cool valleys and ravines; also rock outcrops, especially north-facing bluffs.

Range S. Ontario east to Cape Breton Island, south in mountains to N. Alabama, and west to E. Minnesota. To 3000' (914 m) in north; at 2000-5000' (610-1524 m) in south.

Discussion The bark was once a commercial source of tannin in the production of leather. Pioneers made tea from leafy twigs and brooms from the branches. A graceful shade tree and ornamental, it can also be trimmed into hedges.